Fluid-pressure motor



, 1923. I E. G. GAR-FIN FLUID PRESSURE mo'rga Filed Feb. 26

Bet. 23

Patented st. 23, 1923.

'E PTENT. v

renter .ELMER e. GARTIN, or CLAREMONT, NEW r arrrsrrran, assrer on r0 SULLIVAN MA- 7 omnnay oorrrnny, e oonronerron or MASSACHUSETTS.

rriurn-rnss sunn Moron.

. Application filed February 26, 192( SeriaLNo. 361,484.

To allv whom it may concern: 7

Be. it known that I, ELMER G. GA TIN, a citizen of the United States, residing at Claremont, inthe countyof Sullivan and State of New Hampshire, haveinvented certainv new and useful Improvements in.

Fluid-Pressure Motors, of which thefollowing is a full,

' cation. r

10 My invention relates to fluid pressure motors. V v

Its objectis to provide an improvedfiuid pressure motor adapted for rock drilling purposes. A further'ohject of my invention 5 is to provide an improved pneumatic motor for rock drilling purposes in which im proved I and slmpllfi ed means for short stroking or tor'varylng the force of the blow is embodied; A further object of my 7 I w vnoted that I have illustrateda motor having invention is to provide improved means cooperating with the. valve throwing passages of a fluid pressuremotor'ofthe fluid pressure actuated valve type whereby variation of the length of stroke may be accomplished.

In the accompanying drawings I have shown for purposes of illustration, one form which my invention may assume in practice.

In these drawings,

. Fig. l is a sectional view through the cylinder and rotation mechanism of a drill motor embodying one form of myimproved construction.

Fig. 2 is a section on the line. 22 of Fig.

1. Fig. 3 is a developed section] through the cylinder and valve chest thereof showing the valve throwing passages taken on the line 3 3 of Fig. 2. g f Figs. 1 and 5 are fragmentary views showingother positions of thevalve which con-' trols the throwing of. the distrihutingvalve.

It is a well known fact-that in rock drilling operations, it is frequentlyhighlydesirable to be able to rotate the drill steel when backing out of a deep hole in-orderto prevent sticking of. the steel in'the hole.

At such times it is disadvantageous to continue to strike the steel with a hammenpiston as a great strain is then imposed onthe tool retainer} Itiis, however, desirable, to continue the supply offluid pressure tothe bore otthe steel to'blow out'the'steel." In

clear, and exact specifi-' motors in which the piston conducts through the rifle grooves thereof a certain quantity of fluid to the hollow steel during the operation of the motor, it is obvious that it themotor could be kept in operation. and with the piston, reciprocating'with .a

shorterstroke toward the front end of the pact of the piston upon thesteelywhile yet cylinder, this supply of fluid wouldnothe discontinued although hammering on. the steel would be discontinued] It v is also at times desirablev to reduce the force of-im- '65 continuing tostrike. a lighter blow. There are already devices for thee-first of these purposesin commercial use, but I have IllllS- trated in the accompanying drawings .and

shall now describe a simplified means for accomplishing both of theseresults.

Referring especially to Fig. 8, it will be i a cylinder l'of uniform bore in which a piston 2 reciprocates under the action of pressure fiuiddistrihuted through ports 3 and t which are controlled by a spool valve 5' reciprocating in atvalve chest 6. motor as'so far described is of well known commercial form and Ido not claim this ingfluid' from the' cylinder'to the'end of the valvegin sufficient timeto eflect throwing; of the valve and reversal of fluid supply in the necessary manner. As illustrated herein, Iha'veI arranged. the port 11 nearer therearend ofithe cylinder than the port 10 is to the front-endthereof, this location being due to the fact that the normal throwing port'to, efi'ectthe, reversalv of the operation ofl the valve at the end'of theforbefore the valve will be thrown. In order The structure as per se constituting my invention. Thepiston 1s. PIOVltlGCl 'at its forward in such. position as totransmit the thIOW- of the stroke is sutlicicnt. such sage 16 extending therethrough, and a periphcral groove 17. The function of this valve is, when in the position shown in Figs. 2 and 3, to connect the port i1. through the return bend 1.8 in the throwing port through the port '16 in the valve and then to the front end ofthe valve chest byway 0t passage 19. But when the valve15 is turned in a counter-clockwise direction to the extent shown in Fig. 4, the return bend I8 is removed from all communication with theport 11 and withthe end of .the valve chest and fluid passes direct by way of groove 17 tromport -11 to the remaining portion 19. of the throwingpassage. 'Under these circumstances. it will be evident that as the throwing fluid has a less distance to travel. the valve will be thrown. at a'considerably earlier time in the stroke and accordingly the direction of travel Lot the piston may be reversed prior to the impact of the striking bar 7 of the piston on the steel.

As my ratchet and pawl mechanism, herein desiQnatedQO and of well-known commercial construction, provides. a mechanism for the step by step rotation of the piston in whichthereis normally one pawl seated, a pawl part way down the tooth and a pawl near the tip of a. tooth of the ratchet, it will be obvious that it the strolre be shortened, the rotation mechanism will nevertheless be operative to rotate the steel. This may occur at a reduced rate it the shortening but with a design as is illustrated, the shortened stroke would not he suilicient to etfeet a slowing down of the speed of ro tation. The length of the retnrn'bend 18 will be approximated by calculation and the precise length to accomplish the desired result will then be determined by actual trial in a drill. i I

It the valve be turned still i'iu-ther in the counter clockwise direction, it. will reach the position shown in Fig. and thepassag'cs 1] and 19 will he broughtin communication with a small pocket 21, whose volume is sutiiciently greatto cause. due to the expansion of part of the throwing fluid therein, a less delay than that resulting from the use of the U-bend in the throwing otthe valve and a reduced force of impact of the piston on the steel. The functionot the pocket will not so rapidly build up the is to increase thevolumetric capacity of the passage leading to the valve, between the ends thereof, whereby the throwing fluid pressure requisite to the throw of the valve. o

' From. the foregoingdescription, it will beseen that I have provided a motor in return bend, while yet maintaining the usual supply of pressure fluid from the cylinder to the steel and continuing to rotate the same. ltwill be obvious that the same principle of operation and construction may be adapted to use in other drilling'engines such as piston drills or channelers, it being obvious that an increase in length of the throwing passages will delay the instant when the throwing fluid begins to move the valve, and that the insertion of a pocket in the throwing'passages will also result in delaying the transmission of a suflicient pressure to the ends of the valve to effect throwing thereof, and that by varying the length ofthe passage or the capacityof the pocketdiitcrent results can be secured.

While I have in this application specifically described one form which my invention may assume in praotice,it will be unde'rstood that this form of the same is shown for purposes of illustration and that the invention may be modified and embod ed, in other forms without dep a-rting from its spirit .or the scope of the appended claims.

What I claim as newand desire to secure y Letters Patent is:

l. A fluid pressure motor comprising a cylinder, a piston therein, a fluid pressure actuated valve controlling the movements of said piston, a throwing passage therefor having" a fixed inlet, and means for varying thelcngth of said throwing-passage.

2. A fluid pressure motor comprising a cylinder, a piston therein, a .liuid. pressure actuated valve controlling the movements of said piston, a throwing passage therefor having a fixed inlet, and means for varying the volumetric capacity of said throwing pas-sage.

3. A fluid pressure motor comprising a cylinder, a piston therein, a. fluid pressure actuated. valve. controlling the movements of said piston, a having a fixed inlet, and means for varying the length ot sa-id throwing passage and its volumetric capacity.

I A fluid pres ure motor cylinder, a piston therein, actuated valve controlling the movements of said piston, a throwing-passage therefor, and means for alternately varying the length ofsaid throwing passage-or its volumetric capacity while maintaining its length constant.

5. A'fluid pressure motor comprising a cylinder, a piston. thereirna pressureactuated valve. controlling the -move1nents of said piston, a throwing passage=- for said comprising a a fluid. pressure ill:

valve, a control valve located between the ends of said passage, and means whereby valve having a single inlet, and a valve controlling said throwing passage to increase the length thereof. 1 i

6. A fluid pressure motor comprising a cylinder, a piston therein, a pressure actuated valve controlling the movements of said piston insaid cylinder, a throwing passage for said valve havin a single inlet, andja valve controlling said throwing passage to increase the volumetric capacity thereof between its ends.

7. A fluid pressure motor comprising a cylinder, a'piston therein, a fluid pressure actuated valve controlling the movements of said piston, a throwing passage for said said valve may cut off a' portion of said passage between the ends thereof and directly connect the remaining portions.

8. A fluid pressure percussive motor comprising a cylinder, a piston therein, a fluid pressure actuated valve controlling the movements of said piston, a throwing passage for said valve,a return bend in said passage, and a valve adapted to connect said return bend between the endsof said passage and to bridge the passage while shutting off said return bend. V c

9. A fluid pressure percussive motor comprising a cylinder, a piston therein, a fluid passage and adapted to increase the volua -metric capacity thereof, and means con actuated valve controlling the movements of said piston, a throwing passage for said valve, a pocket adapted to be connected to said throwing passage between its ends, and a valve controlling said connection.

'10, A fluid pressure percussive motor comprising a cylinder, a piston IBCIPIOGablB therein, athrowing passage for said valve, a return bend commumcable with and sage, a pocket communicable with said passage and adapted to increase the volumetric capacity thereof, and means controlling the connection of said return bend and of said pocket with said passage.

11. A fluid pressure percussive 'motor comprising a cylinder, a piston reciprocable therein, a throwing passage for said valve, a. return bend communicable with and adapted to increasethe length of said passage, a pocket communicable with said trolling the connection of said return bend and of said pocket'with said passage comprising a valve adapted to connect said returnlbend with said, passage, to interwith said passage upon successive move ments. l a

' connect the remaining portions of said pas- 1 sage directly, andto connect said pocket 12..A- fluid, pressure percussive pmotori comprising a cylinder, a piston reciprocable therein, a throwing passage for said valve,

a return bend communicable with and adapted to increasethe length of said passage, a pocket communicable with said passage and adapted to increase the volumetric capacity thereof, and means controlling the connection of said return bend and of said:

pocket with said passage comprising a with said passage, to inter-connect the revalve adapted to connect said return bend I and to connect said pocket with said passage at different times,

13. A fluid pressure motor comprising a cylinder, a piston therein,'and means for controlling the movements of sald piston in said cylinder including a pressure controlled valve, a throwing passage therefor communicating therewith and with the bore of-said cylinder and controlled by saidpiston, and means for increasing the capacity of said passage between its points of communication with the cylinder and valve.

14. A fluid pressure motor comprising a cylinder, a piston therein, and means for controlling the movements of said piston in said cylinderincludinga pressurecontrolled valve, a throwing passage therefor communicating therewith and with the bore of said cylinder and controlled by said. piston, and means for increasing the length of said passage between its points of communication with the cylinder and valve.

A fluid pressure motor comprising a cylinder, a piston therein, and means for contro ling themovements of said piston in said cylinder including a pressure 0011-' trolled valve, a throwing. passage therefor communicating therewith and with the bore of said cylinder and controlled by said pis ton,'and means for increasing the capacity of said passage between its points of 'communication with the cylinder and valve while maintaining its length constant.

1 'In testimony. whereof I aflix my signature;

ELMER scan-TIN; 

